The parish-church, dedicated to St. Peter and St. Paul, is a small building of slint and stone, almost overgrown with ivy on the south and east sides. It consists of a chancel, nave, and south aisle.
At the west end is a low square tower. In the chancel are the monuments of Mary, wife of Robert Leigh, Esq. On the floor are the tombs of Ann, daughter of Robert Leigh, Esq. On the north wall of the nave are the monuments of Sarah, wife of Mr.
Nicholas Pigot, ; and Anne, daughter of the Rev. Christopher Sclater fn. In the south aisle against the wall is an inscription upon a brass plate, to the memory of Robert Rampston, Yeoman of the Chamber to Edward IV. Underneath is an altar-tomb, covered with a slab of black marble, on which are the effigies, in brass, of the said Robert Rampston, and of Margaret his wife, who died in In the church-yard are the tombs of Robert Boothby, Esq.
William Boothby, ; George Boothby, Gent. Christopher Sclater, M. The church of Chingford is a rectory, in the diocese of London, and deanery of Barking; the advowson has always been annexed to the manor of Chingford Comitis, except for a short time, when it was granted, with the other manor, to Sir Thomas Darcy fn.
The rectory is valued, in the King's books, at 14l. The commissioners appointed to inquire into the state of ecclesiastical benefices, in , reported that the glebe of this rectory was worth 20l.
George Byrom, D. Robert Plumme was presented to this living by Cromwell, in fn. At the Restoration, Russel recovered possession of it, and enjoyed it till his death, in fn. The existence of open field arable is strongly supported by the certain evidence that some of the marshland meadows beside the Lea were farmed in common until the 20th century.
In there were three such areas. In the extreme north was Chingford Common Marsh. In the extreme south of the parish was another meadow called the Naze or Ney.
Both the common marsh and the changeable lands were divided up into numbers of strips or doles, each of which was for part of the year in private ownership. In the changeable lands the ownership of the grass, though not of the soil, was re-allotted each year: each owner might cut the grass on a strip equal in size to his own holding. After this householders resident in the parish had the right to pasture certain animals on the meadows until the following 6 April. These common rights of after-pasture certainly applied to the common marsh, Long Farthings, Short Farthings, and Goslings.
It is not clear how far they applied to the Naze. In it was stated that the lord of each manor in Chingford had the right of after-pasture on his lands in the Naze. The river Lea does not seem to have been much used by Chingford men as a means of communication, but the fisheries there were important. In , as stated above, Chingford Earls had four fisheries and Chingford St. Pauls two. There continued to be fisheries in the Chingford part of the river until the present century.
About John de Luco, lessee of Chingford St. Pauls, made an agreement with Richard Manning concerning a bank which Richard had raised in the Lea to improve his fishery. In Ralph and William Manning were said to have obstructed the river within the manor of Chingford Earls for the purpose of their trade. That fishery was subsequently granted to Walter Smith, then to Peter Hereford, who in was said to have withheld the rent for 17 years. One belonging to the lord of the manor continued until c.
In there was a mill on the manor of Chingford Earls see above. There are further references to a watermill on that manor until the 17th century. The clay soil of the parish provided material for the making of pottery, tiles, and bricks. This industry was carried on from early times, though never on a large scale.
A glover occurs in Eight tea-gardens appear in a directory of Factories there make cork, wood and rubber products, and typewriter platens. The whole parish of Chingford lay within the ancient Forest of Essex. In the Middle Ages it was part of the forest bailiwick of Waltham. The Domesday figures for swine-pastures show that Chingford was well-wooded in the 11th century, but even then the parish had a considerable amount of arable land, which was increased by subsequent forest clearance.
Although this project was soon abandoned it probably resulted in some clearance of woodland at Chingford Plain, in the north of the parish. In it was stated that Richard Hodgson, lord of Chingford St. Pauls, had inclosed at least a. Heathcote, lord of Chingford Earls, had inclosed 50 or 60 a. Pauls, comprising a.
The inhabitants of Chingford had the ancient right to pasture cattle, branded with their mark, a crowned 'G', within the forest. Until the 17th century the kings of England frequently hunted deer in the forest. Pauls in , and who for a short time before also held Gowers and Buckerells, converted part of the forest in the north of Chingford and the south of Waltham Holy Cross fn. The name survives in Fairmead Bottom and Fairmead Thicks, and one of the park buildings is Chingford's outstanding ancient monument, now called Queen Elizabeth's Hunting Lodge.
It is a small L-shaped building of three stories with a staircase wing, timber-framed, with exposed moulded beams within and open roof trusses; the two upper stories formerly had open studding instead of windows. It was still known as the Great Standing in , when a royal commission surveyed it for repairs. Between and a pack of staghounds was kept at Chingford Green by William Mellish. The preservation of Epping Forest and its dedication to the public came soon after the opening of the railway to Chingford, fn.
Chingford Plain became popular with day-trippers for whom the railway provided an excellent service. The peak of railway travel to the forest was probably reached immediately after the First World War. On Whit Monday , people arrived at Chingford station by a 5-minute service. Court rolls or books of the manor of Chingford Earls survive for —75, fn. For the manor of Chingford St. Pauls there are rolls and books for — and — Courts leet for this manor were recorded up to They were normally held annually, in Whit week, up to about , after which they became irregular and infrequent.
The number of jurors varied between 12 and The leet was concerned mainly with the upkeep of roads, unlicensed inclosures of manorial waste, the cutting of wood in the forest, and the regulation of the common marsh. It appointed two constables, two aleconners, and a marshwarden 2 marshwardens from The latter's duties included the supervision of cattle on the common marsh and the changeable lands, and the annual marking-out of strips there.
During the late 18th and early 19th centuries the courts of Chingford Earls were held at Queen Elizabeth's Hunting Lodge. In the courts of Chingford St. Pauls were being held at a public house at the Green.
Vestry minutes survive for —71, —95 and —23, overseers' accounts —, surveyors' accounts —21, and churchwardens' accounts — Attendance, as indicated by the numbers signing the minutes, was usually between 5 and The rector was usually present.
There was a salaried vestry clerk and the vestry appointed the usual unpaid officers. In it also appointed an assistant overseer and surveyor. As the court leet declined the vestry began to nominate the constables, marshwardens, and aleconners. Separate rates were levied by overseers, surveyors of highways, and churchwardens. The distinction between them was not always rigidly maintained. Thus in and the churchwardens' accounts included small sums spent on casual poor relief, while the overseers paid some of the churchwardens' bills in and in the following years were instructed to make payments to the church singers.
The constables' expenses were paid out of the poor rates. The parish records often mention the poorhouse and the workhouse. A reference of makes it clear that these were then one and the same institution, and it is probable that this was always so. Overton at Mile End, in Stepney Mdx. From there are also references to parish almshouses, which were distinct from the poorhouse. These were maintained and administered by the vestry, which sometimes charged their inmates a small rent.
They were probably at Chingford Green, on the site where in new almshouses were built. For most of the period the vestry also gave outdoor relief in cash or in kind to paupers whose numbers varied from about 7 to In , however, it was decided that in future relief should be provided only in the workhouse.
A workhouse committee was appointed, a different, and no doubt larger, house was leased from a Mr. Carter for use as the workhouse, and a contract was made with a master to farm the paupers there. This building was probably identical with Little Tushers, which in stood at the junction of the present Endlebury Road and the Ridgeway, and was then occupied by George Carter.
This scheme continued for at least two years. In the vestry ordered the building of a lock-up or cage. This was demolished in These figures, however, compare favourably with those for Nazeing, a neighbouring parish with similar population, which was itself less severely depressed than some other parishes in this part of Essex. It was made an urban district in and a municipal borough in , fn. The church of Chingford is first mentioned in The advowson descended along with that manor.
Robert Leigh presented in , even though no longer lessee, but from the following year the advowson reverted to the lord of the manor. On several occasions the presentation was sold for one turn. In the Abbot of Waltham was said to be patron jointly with the lord of the manor, fn. In the king presented during the minority of Thomas Ros, Lord Ros. In the patron was Mr. Pauls, but only the tithes of the tenants' corn. Pauls, surrendered his claim to the tithes of the demesne in return for 2 a.
A terrier of the rectory, also dated , claims tithes of 'corn, hay, wool, calf, fruits, pigeons, pigs, geese and wood, paid in kind'. Pauls that no tithes were paid on wood in the parish and that the rector had 4 'doles' of meadow in the Ney in lieu of hay tithe. The original rectory house stood at the west end of the churchyard. In it contained 'a parlour with a buttery adjoined, a hall, with a buttery for beer, a kitchen with a little low house adjoining to it, wherein is a little milkhouse… 4 upper chambers, one with a study, and another with a little closet'.
The house had been recently repaired by the rector, Nicholas Bowe, who had also erected new outbuildings. Heathcote, rebuilt it in Morant describes a strange custom connected with the rectory of Chingford.
Each owner, on succeeding to the estate, went to the rectory with his wife, manservant and maidservant, all on horseback, taking a hawk and a greyhound for the use of the rector that day. He blew three blasts on his horn and was then received by the rector, who provided refreshment for the visitors, including a peck of oats for the tenant's horse, a chicken for the hawk, and a loaf of bread for the greyhound.
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